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Что (кто) такое mechanization$47452$ - определение
![Threshing machine in 1881. Steam engines were also used to power threshing machines. Today both reaping and threshing are done with a [[combine harvester]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Batteuse 1881.jpg?width=200 "Threshing machine in 1881. Steam engines were also used to power threshing machines. Today both reaping and threshing are done with a [[combine harvester]].")
![A tractor towing a [[baler]] makes [[hay bale]]s in a field in Germany.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dülmen, Umland, Feld -- 2012 -- 7430.jpg?width=200 "A tractor towing a [[baler]] makes [[hay bale]]s in a field in Germany.")
![cultivator]] in 1919.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Labor-saving synmotor in Popular Science 1919.png?width=200 "cultivator]] in 1919.")
![A reaper at [[Woolbrook, New South Wales]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Woolbrook (4).JPG?width=200 "A reaper at [[Woolbrook, New South Wales]]")
![Line of Action]]) runs along a tangent common to both base circles. (In this situation, there is no force, and no contact needed, along the opposite common tangent not shown.) The involutes here are traced out in converse fashion: points (of contact) move along the ''stationary'' force-vector "string" as if it was being unwound from the left ''rotating'' base circle, and wound onto the right ''rotating'' base circle.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Involute wheel.gif?width=200 "Line of Action]]) runs along a tangent common to both base circles. (In this situation, there is no force, and no contact needed, along the opposite common tangent not shown.) The involutes here are traced out in converse fashion: points (of contact) move along the ''stationary'' force-vector \"string\" as if it was being unwound from the left ''rotating'' base circle, and wound onto the right ''rotating'' base circle.")
![The [[Salisbury Cathedral clock]] ca. 1386. A clock is a mechanical instrument rather than a true machine. Although this clock had iron gears, many machines of the early [[Industrial Revolution]] used wooden parts until around 1800.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Salisbury 02.jpg?width=200 "The [[Salisbury Cathedral clock]] ca. 1386. A clock is a mechanical instrument rather than a true machine. Although this clock had iron gears, many machines of the early [[Industrial Revolution]] used wooden parts until around 1800.")
![The Academy building was designed for [[Catherine the Great]] to serve as a royal palace](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Екатерининский дворец №2.JPG?width=200 "The Academy building was designed for [[Catherine the Great]] to serve as a royal palace")
Википедия
Mechanised agriculture or agricultural mechanization is the use of machinery and equipment, ranging from simple and basic hand tools to more sophisticated, motorized equipment and machinery, to perform agricultural operations. In modern times, powered machinery has replaced many farm task formerly carried out by manual labour or by working animals such as oxen, horses and mules.
The entire history of agriculture contains many examples of the use of tools, such as the hoe and the plough. The ongoing integration of machines since the Industrial Revolution has allowed farming to become much less labour-intensive.
Agricultural mechanization is part of this technological evolution of agricultural automation. It can be summarized as a progressive move from manual tools to animal traction, to motorized mechanization, to digital equipment and finally, to robotics with artificial intelligence (AI). These advances can raise productivity and allow for more careful crop, livestock, aquaculture and forestry management; provide better working conditions; improve incomes; reduce the workload of farming; and generate new rural entrepreneurial opportunities.
Current mechanised agriculture includes the use of tractors, trucks, combine harvesters, countless types of farm implements, aeroplanes and helicopters (for aerial application), and other vehicles. Precision agriculture even uses computers in conjunction with satellite imagery and satellite navigation (GPS guidance) to increase yields. New digital equipment is increasingly complementing, or even superseding, motorized machines to make diagnosis and decision-making automatic.
Mechanisation was one of the large factors responsible for urbanisation and industrial economies. Besides improving production efficiency, mechanisation encourages large scale production and sometimes can improve the quality of farm produce. On the other hand, it can cause environmental degradation (such as pollution, deforestation, and soil erosion), especially if it is applied shortsightedly rather than holistically.
